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This chapter discusses the widespread issue of sexual violence against women and girls during armed conflicts. It notes that while this type of violence has occurred throughout history, data from conflicts in the last decade show it may have become more prevalent. Recent reports indicate over 200 women were sexually assaulted in just five weeks in a Darfur camp. During violence in the Republic of Congo in 1998, around 2,000 women sought medical care for sexual violence and 10% reported rape-related pregnancies, though the actual number of rapes was estimated to be closer to 5,000. The chapter examines how the nature of war has changed and how sexual violence is now being more openly discussed and reported on.
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